scalar system

Then the reciprocal of temperature is expanding concomitant variable, and the reciprocal temperature and the differential of momentum carry on contraction. We concluded that covariance scalar equation of thermodynamics law covariant of closed system in P-E theory frame, in essence, it is energy conservation equation.

接下来把温度倒数扩展为协变量，并把倒温度与动量微分进行组合，得到在P-E温缩理论框架下的封闭系统热力学定律协变式的标量方程，本质上的能量守恒方程。

A matrix inequality approach is proposed to design an unbiased H_ ∞ filter, so that the filtering error system is asymptotically stable and the H_ ∞ norm of the transfer function of error system is less than a positive scalar γ.

基于矩阵不等式设计了无偏H∞滤波器，使得滤波误差系统是渐近稳定的，同时满足其传递函数的H∞范数小于某一给定的正数γ。

From naissance of toll way in our country in 1984, tolling system came into effect, and transportation network mounted up fleetly in scalar and improved in framework, which made our transport undertaking leapt to a higher level.

自1984年我国收费公路诞生起，收费制度正式开始实施，公路运输网在数量上的快速增长和结构上的优化完善，使得我国的运输事业得到了质的飞跃。